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Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

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Density functional analysis of atomic force microscopy in a dense fluid.

Jose Hernández-Muñoz1, Enrique Chacón2, Pedro Tarazona1

  • 1Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, IFIMAC Condensed Matter Physics Center, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|July 22, 2019
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Summary

Density functional analysis reveals Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) force amplitude, not decay, indicates fluid layering. This finding helps differentiate tip effects from interfacial properties in dense fluids.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Surface Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Previous theoretical models for entropic force in Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) relied on ideal gas entropy approximations.
  • These models showed similarity between force and density profiles, leading to assumptions about interfacial information.
  • The generic nature of density functional (DF) results can obscure true interfacial phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform a rigorous density functional (DF) analysis of the entropic force in AFM across dense fluid layers.
  • To differentiate between bulk fluid correlations and true interfacial information in AFM measurements.
  • To establish a relationship between molecular layering amplitude and oscillatory forces on the AFM tip, considering tip radius effects.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional (DF) analysis applied to entropic forces in Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).
  • Investigation of a simple hard sphere model for dense fluids.
  • Analysis of oscillatory decay modes and amplitude of force and density profiles.

Main Results:

  • The oscillatory decay mode of the force profile is a generic DF result characteristic of bulk fluid correlations, not interfacial information.
  • The amplitude of the force oscillation, not its decay mode, contains the crucial interfacial information.
  • Semiempirical clues were found to disentangle the influence of tip radius and relate molecular layering amplitude to oscillatory AFM forces.

Conclusions:

  • AFM force amplitude, not decay, is the key indicator of molecular layering at fluid interfaces.
  • Distinguishing between bulk and interfacial contributions is essential for accurate AFM analysis.
  • The study provides a framework for relating AFM tip properties and molecular layering to measured forces.