Interleukin-32 increases in coronary arteries and plasma from patients with coronary artery disease
Zicong Yang1, Lei Shi1, Yan Xue1
1Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China.
Insights
Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is elevated in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, found in plaques and blood. This cytokine may serve as a noninvasive diagnostic marker for CAD.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Immunology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a cytokine implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk within inflammatory contexts.
- Elevated IL-32 levels are associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate Interleukin-32 (IL-32) levels in patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD).
- To determine if IL-32 is an independent risk factor for CAD.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of IL-32 expression in coronary arteries from normal and CAD patients.
- Measurement of plasma IL-32, IFN-γ, and IL-17 in stable angina (SAP), unstable angina (UAP), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and non-coronary artery disease (NCAD) groups.
- Linear regression analysis to assess the independent correlation of plasma IL-32 with CAD presence.
Main Results:
- IL-32 was highly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques of CAD patients, with macrophages as the primary source.
- Plasma IL-32, IFN-γ, and IL-17 levels were significantly increased in CAD patients compared to controls, showing a progressive rise from SAP to UAP to AMI.
- Plasma IL-32 levels positively correlated with Gensini score, IFN-γ, and IL-17 levels, and were independently associated with CAD occurrence.
Conclusions:
- Both coronary artery and circulating IL-32 levels are elevated in CAD patients.
- IL-32 shows potential as a noninvasive diagnostic marker for coronary artery disease (CAD).
Background:
Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a cytokine associated with higher risk of cardiovascular diseases in inflammatory environments. This study aimed to investigate the IL-32 levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.
Methods:
IL-32 expression in coronary arteries from both normal donors and CAD patients were analyzed. Plasma IL-32, IFN-γ and IL-17 levels in stable angina pectoris (SAP, n = 80) patients, unstable angina pectoris (UAP, n = 96) patients, acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n = 72) patients and patients exhibiting chest pain unrelated to coronary artery disease (NCAD, n = 72) were measured. Additionally, whether plasma IL-32 levels were independent correlated with the presence of CAD was analyzed.
Results:
IL-32 was high expressed in atherosclerotic plaques of CAD patients when compared with normal coronary arteries, and macrophages were the major sources of IL-32. Compared with the NCAD group, IL-32, IFN-γ and IL-17 levels were increased in the CAD group and gradually increased through the SAP, UAP and AMI groups. Plasma IL-32 levels were positively correlated with the Gensini score, IFN-γ levels and IL-17 levels in CAD patients. The results of linear regression showed that IL-32 was independently associated with the occurrence of CAD.
Conclusion:
Both the coronary artery and circulating IL-32 levels were increased in CAD patients and IL-32 may be a marker of noninvasive diagnosis of CAD.
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