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The Mitochondrion as an Emerging Therapeutic Target in Cancer

Katherine G Roth1, Isa Mambetsariev1, Prakash Kulkarni1

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.

Trends in Molecular Medicine
|July 23, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Mitochondria are key targets in cancer therapy. Targeting cancer

Area of Science:

  • Mitochondrial biology
  • Cancer metabolism
  • Tumor microenvironment

Background:

  • Mitochondria play crucial roles in cellular proliferation and death.
  • Tumor cells exhibit metabolic plasticity, utilizing glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS).
  • Mitochondria interact with the tumor microenvironment, influenced by factors like cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of mitochondrial metabolic phenotypes in cancer.
  • To discuss the role of metabolic plasticity in metastasis and therapy resistance.
  • To underscore the potential of targeting cancer metabolic dependencies for novel therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on mitochondrial function in cancer.
  • Analysis of metabolic phenotypes including glycolysis and OXPHOS.
  • Examination of tumor microenvironment interactions with cancer cell mitochondria.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondria adapt metabolic phenotypes to meet cancer's high energy demands.
  • Cancer cells can adopt a hybrid metabolic phenotype, utilizing both glycolysis and OXPHOS.
  • This metabolic plasticity contributes to cancer metastasis and resistance to therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial metabolic heterogeneity and plasticity are critical in cancer.
  • Targeting cancer's metabolic dependencies offers a promising therapeutic strategy.
  • Exploiting mitochondrial roles could lead to novel and effective cancer treatments.

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