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Measuring repetitive negative thinking: Development and validation of the Persistent and Intrusive Negative Thoughts
Natasha R Magson1, Ronald M Rapee1, Jasmine Fardouly1
1Department of Psychology.
Psychological Assessment
|July 23, 2019
Summary
A new scale, the Persistent and Intrusive Negative Thoughts Scale (PINTS), effectively measures repetitive negative thinking (RNT) in both children and adults. This brief, validated tool aids in understanding RNT
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a significant risk factor and maintenance factor for various psychological disorders.
- A lack of disorder-neutral measures for RNT, especially those validated for both children and adults, presents a research and clinical gap.
- Existing measures are often lengthy or not suitable for broad age ranges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a brief, disorder-neutral scale for assessing repetitive negative thinking (RNT) in both children and adults.
- To create a measure suitable for quick administration in research and clinical settings.
- To establish the psychometric properties of the new scale across different age groups.
Main Methods:
- Study 1: Developed the 5-item Persistent and Intrusive Negative Thoughts Scale (PINTS) and administered it to 527 children. Assessed internal consistency, stability, and validity against measures of psychopathology and coping.
- Study 2: Administered the PINTS to 419 adults to replicate and extend findings. Evaluated construct, convergent, and criterion validity, alongside internal consistency, stability, and measurement invariance across gender and age.
- Utilized factor analysis, reliability analyses, and correlational methods to validate the PINTS.
Main Results:
- The PINTS demonstrated good fit in a 1-factor model, invariant across gender in children.
- The scale exhibited high internal consistency and good 2-week test-retest stability in children.
- In adults, the PINTS showed good construct, convergent, and criterion validity, with high internal consistency and stability, and was invariant across gender and age.
Conclusions:
- The Persistent and Intrusive Negative Thoughts Scale (PINTS) is a brief, valid, and reliable measure for assessing repetitive negative thinking (RNT).
- The PINTS can be effectively used across childhood and adulthood, supporting its utility as a transdiagnostic measure.
- This scale facilitates research into RNT's role in the etiology and maintenance of psychological disorders in diverse populations.
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