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Transmission time delays organize the brain network synchronization.

Spase Petkoski1, Viktor K Jirsa1

  • 1Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Inserm, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|July 23, 2019
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Brain region activity timing, crucial for function, is governed by network structure and delays. Increasing frequency robustly switches synchronization, with stronger connections leading activity, shaping brain architecture.

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brain network modelconnectomeoscillatorssynchronizationtime delays

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Area of Science:

  • Computational neuroscience
  • Network dynamics
  • Brain function

Background:

  • Brain activity timing and phase relationships are critical for cognitive functions.
  • Brain structure, including white matter tracts, dictates signal propagation delays and influences neural dynamics.
  • Understanding how spatio-temporal organization governs brain activity is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the brain's structural organization and signal delays influence phase lags in coherent neural activity.
  • To model the relationship between network topology, oscillatory dynamics, and synchronization patterns in the brain.
  • To explore the impact of frequency and coupling strength on neural synchronization and amplitude.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized self-sustained, delay-coupled, non-isochronous, nonlinearly damped, and chaotic oscillators in an in silico brain network model.
  • Simulated brain network dynamics to analyze phase lags and synchronization between coherent brain region activities.
  • Employed analysis based on Kuramoto oscillator models to predict relative phases.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a robust switch from in-phase to anti-phase synchronization by increasing oscillator frequency.
  • Observed that more strongly connected brain regions consistently exhibit lagging activity.
  • Found that increased frequency and coupling decrease oscillator amplitude, with stronger regions showing lower but more synchronized activity.
  • Confirmed that spatial heterogeneity of time delays is crucial for shaping functional brain architecture.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights the critical role of time delays, proportional to structural pathway lengths, in shaping phase relationships within the brain.
  • Results suggest specific phase relationship features are essential across diverse local oscillatory dynamics.
  • The findings provide insights into how brain structure constrains neural communication and functional organization.