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Related Concept Videos

Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids01:28

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Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides01:20

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A Polyaniline-based Sensor of Nucleic Acids
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A highly efficient Baby Spinach-based minimal modified sensor (BSMS) for nucleic acid analysis.

Rashi Soni1, Deepti Sharma1, A Murali Krishna1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati 517507, India. a.sharma@iisertirupati.ac.in.

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry
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Summary

Researchers developed a label-free sensor using Baby Spinach aptamers for detecting DNA and RNA. This genetically encodable sensor offers a cost-effective, highly fluorescent alternative for in vivo nucleic acid analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Nucleic acid hybridization is key for DNA/RNA detection probes.
  • Current probes often use costly, non-encodable fluorescent dyes, limiting in vivo applications.
  • There is a need for affordable, genetically encodable, and highly fluorescent sensors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design a label-free, genetically encodable sensor for nucleic acid analysis.
  • To improve upon existing hybridization probes by reducing cost and increasing applicability.
  • To develop a sensor with high fluorescence output and stability.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a Baby Spinach-based minimal modified sensor (BSMS).
  • Utilized a Baby Spinach aptamer for binding and enhancing fluorescence.
  • BSMS is composed of genetically encodable, unmodified RNA.

Main Results:

  • BSMS demonstrates label-free detection of DNA and RNA of various lengths.
  • The sensor exhibits high specificity and can differentiate closely related sequences.
  • BSMS provides high fluorescence output due to minimal modifications and stabilization upon target binding.

Conclusions:

  • BSMS is a novel, cost-effective, and genetically encodable sensor for nucleic acid detection.
  • Its ability to function in vivo at ambient temperatures opens new avenues for real-time monitoring.
  • This sensor represents a significant advancement over traditional chemically labeled probes.