Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

132.8K
Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
132.8K
Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

352
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
352
Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

3.0K
Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
3.0K
Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

531
A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
531
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

412
It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
412
Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

439
Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
439

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A brief overview of 20 years of neuroscience in PLoS Computational Biology.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

Transient pores account for cell-penetrating peptide and homeoprotein translocation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Dopamine ensembles regulating appetite, feeding, and energy homeostasis.

Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM·2026
Same author

Inhibition of peripheral CB<sub>1</sub> receptors modulates food intake and metabolic efficiency in obesity independently of the gut-brain vagal axis.

British journal of pharmacology·2026
Same author

Pan-Optical Shadow Imaging of Brain Microanatomy.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same author

The gut-brain vagal axis governs mesolimbic dopamine dynamics and reward events.

Science advances·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Identification of Orexin and Endocannabinoid Receptors in Adult Zebrafish Using Immunoperoxidase and Immunofluorescence Methods
08:37

Identification of Orexin and Endocannabinoid Receptors in Adult Zebrafish Using Immunoperoxidase and Immunofluorescence Methods

Published on: June 25, 2019

8.4K

BDNF Controls Bidirectional Endocannabinoid Plasticity at Corticostriatal Synapses.

Giuseppe Gangarossa1, Sylvie Perez1, Yulia Dembitskaya1

  • 1Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, College de France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche (INSERM), Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Paris, France.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|July 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling via its receptor TrkB promotes endocannabinoid (eCB) plasticity in the striatum. This BDNF/TrkB pathway is crucial for procedural learning by regulating synaptic plasticity.

Keywords:
BDNFTrkBendocannabinoidsspike-timing dependent plasticitystriatum

More Related Videos

An Improved Protocol to Purify and Directly Mono-Biotinylate Recombinant BDNF in a Tube for Cellular Trafficking Studies in Neurons
13:46

An Improved Protocol to Purify and Directly Mono-Biotinylate Recombinant BDNF in a Tube for Cellular Trafficking Studies in Neurons

Published on: July 11, 2020

6.2K
Single Synapse Indicators of Glutamate Release and Uptake in Acute Brain Slices from Normal and Huntington Mice
08:27

Single Synapse Indicators of Glutamate Release and Uptake in Acute Brain Slices from Normal and Huntington Mice

Published on: March 11, 2020

6.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Identification of Orexin and Endocannabinoid Receptors in Adult Zebrafish Using Immunoperoxidase and Immunofluorescence Methods
08:37

Identification of Orexin and Endocannabinoid Receptors in Adult Zebrafish Using Immunoperoxidase and Immunofluorescence Methods

Published on: June 25, 2019

8.4K
An Improved Protocol to Purify and Directly Mono-Biotinylate Recombinant BDNF in a Tube for Cellular Trafficking Studies in Neurons
13:46

An Improved Protocol to Purify and Directly Mono-Biotinylate Recombinant BDNF in a Tube for Cellular Trafficking Studies in Neurons

Published on: July 11, 2020

6.2K
Single Synapse Indicators of Glutamate Release and Uptake in Acute Brain Slices from Normal and Huntington Mice
08:27

Single Synapse Indicators of Glutamate Release and Uptake in Acute Brain Slices from Normal and Huntington Mice

Published on: March 11, 2020

6.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Synaptic Plasticity
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Corticostriatal synaptic plasticity, mediated by NMDAR and endocannabinoids (eCBs), is essential for procedural learning.
  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB are critical for striatal function and influence NMDAR plasticity.
  • The specific role of BDNF in eCB plasticity remains largely unexplored despite known cross-talk between BDNF and eCBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of BDNF/TrkB signaling in endocannabinoid (eCB) mediated plasticity in the striatum.
  • To determine if BDNF/TrkB signaling influences both long-term depression (LTD) and long-term potentiation (LTP) mediated by eCBs.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which BDNF/TrkB signaling affects eCB plasticity and procedural learning.

Main Methods:

  • Employing rate-based and spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) paradigms to induce eCB plasticity in the striatum.
  • Utilizing patch-clamp recordings and 2-photon imaging of dendritic spines to assess synaptic plasticity and calcium dynamics.
  • Developing a mathematical model to analyze the signaling pathways involved in corticostriatal plasticity.

Main Results:

  • BDNF/TrkB signaling was found to promote both eCB-LTD and eCB-LTP induced by various stimulation paradigms.
  • TrkB activation is essential for the expression and scaling of eCB-LTD and eCB-LTP.
  • TrkB activation prolongs intracellular calcium transients, enhancing eCB synthesis and release, and expands the expression of eCB-STDP.

Conclusions:

  • BDNF/TrkB signaling plays a novel and critical role in regulating the expression of endocannabinoid plasticity in the striatum.
  • This signaling pathway is a key determinant of the synaptic changes underlying procedural learning.
  • Targeting BDNF/TrkB signaling may offer therapeutic strategies for conditions involving procedural learning deficits.