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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

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The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Heart Valves01:16

Heart Valves

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The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
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Modeling the mitral valve.

Alexander D Kaiser1, David M McQueen1, Charles S Peskin1

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, New York.

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering
|July 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models the human mitral valve (MV) using dissections and computational methods. The resulting MV model accurately simulates physiological function, opening and closing robustly under various pressure conditions.

Keywords:
cardiac modelingheart valvesimmersed boundary methodmitral valvemitral valve mechanicsmitral valve modeling

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • The mitral valve (MV) is crucial for heart function, yet its complex biomechanics are challenging to model.
  • Understanding MV mechanics is vital for diagnosing and treating valvular heart disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a computational model of the mitral valve (MV) based on anatomical dissections.
  • To simulate the mechanical behavior and fluid dynamics of the MV under physiological pressures.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed anatomical dissections to inform valve geometry and fiber structure.
  • A design-based modeling approach to derive geometry and support forces.
  • Development of a constitutive law based on experimental stress-strain data.
  • Immersed boundary method for simulating the valve in fluid.

Main Results:

  • The computational model accurately replicates mitral valve (MV) anatomy and fiber topology.
  • Simulations demonstrate robust opening and leak-free closure under physiological pressures.
  • The model exhibits resilience to variations in driving pressures, including absence of atrial systole.

Conclusions:

  • The developed mitral valve (MV) model provides a validated platform for studying valvular function.
  • This approach enables robust simulation of MV biomechanics and response to pressure changes.
  • The model has implications for understanding heart function and developing therapeutic strategies.