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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography
Published on: January 27, 2023
The evolving use of intravenous lipid emulsions in the neonatal intensive care unit
Kara L Calkins1, Mark Puder2, Kathleen Gura3
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, Neonatal Research Center of the UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Abstract:
Parenteral nutrition and intravenous lipid emulsions are essential for promoting optimal nutrition in the neonatal intensive care unit. However, long-term use of a pure soybean lipid emulsion is associated with a liver disease known as intestinal failure associated liver disease. Over the past several years, the science of lipid emulsions has evolved with a focus on nutritional optimization and disease prevention. This review's purpose is to provide a general overview of the three main components of lipid emulsions, phytosterols, the antioxidant Vitamin E, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and their contribution to health.
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