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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

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Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
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Local Attraction01:22

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Local attraction refers to disturbances in compass readings caused by magnetic influences from nearby objects such as metal fences, buried pipes, vehicles, buildings, power lines, or natural iron ore deposits. Small items like wristwatches, steel tools, or belt buckles can also interfere with the compass by creating local magnetic fields that distort the Earth's natural magnetic field. These distortions lead to inaccurate readings, posing navigation and land surveying challenges.Local...
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Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predicted Value01:13

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In healthcare diagnostics, laboratory tests play a crucial role in identifying and diagnosing a wide range of medical conditions. However, interpreting test results is not always straightforward. An abnormal test result does not always confirm the presence of a disease, just as a normal result does not guarantee its absence. To assess the reliability of these diagnostic tools, healthcare practitioners rely on two key statistical indicators: sensitivity and specificity.
Sensitivity is the...
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Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

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The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...
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Sputum Studies II: Culture and Sensitivity01:20

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Description
Sputum culture and sensitivity is a medical procedure used to diagnose bacterial infections in the respiratory tract and select the most appropriate antibiotics for treatment. This process involves analyzing sputum samples of thick and opaque secretions produced in the lungs and airways. These samples are collected from patients and then sent to the laboratory for analysis.
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Local Anesthetics: Mechanism of Action01:23

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Local anesthetics (LAs) block sensory and motor impulses by inhibiting the sodium channels on the nerve cell membranes. This induces temporary loss of sensation, relieving pain in a specific body area.
Local anesthetics are amphiphilic molecules consisting of a hydrophobic aromatic part linked to a hydrophilic group by an ester or amide linkage. They are weak bases and are usually available as salts, which increases their solubility and stability. Once administered, LAs exist in the body either...
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Stochastic Noise Application for the Assessment of Medial Vestibular Nucleus Neuron Sensitivity In Vitro
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LiSSA: Localized Stochastic Sensitive Autoencoders.

Ting Wang, Wing W Y Ng, Marcello Pelillo

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    |July 24, 2019
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces localized stochastic sensitive autoencoder (LiSSA) to improve autoencoder robustness against input changes. LiSSA enhances generalization capabilities for unseen data, outperforming existing methods in classification tasks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Machine Learning
    • Artificial Intelligence
    • Deep Learning

    Background:

    • Autoencoder (AE) training aims to minimize training error and regularization terms for generalization.
    • Current AE training methods may lack robustness to input perturbations, hindering generalization.
    • Poor generalization capability is a significant challenge in autoencoder applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel autoencoder method, localized stochastic sensitive AE (LiSSA), to enhance robustness against input perturbations.
    • To improve the generalization capability of autoencoders for unseen data.
    • To develop a more robust feature learning method for classification tasks.

    Main Methods:

    • Introduced localized stochastic sensitivity regularization in autoencoder training.
    • Developed LiSSA to reduce sensitivity to small input perturbations.
    • Preserved local connectivity from input to representation space for robust feature learning.

    Main Results:

    • LiSSA demonstrated enhanced robustness to input perturbations.
    • Learned features from LiSSA improved classifier generalization capability.
    • LiSSA significantly outperformed classical and recent AE training methods on 36 benchmarking datasets.

    Conclusions:

    • LiSSA effectively enhances the robustness and generalization of autoencoders.
    • The proposed method offers a significant improvement over existing AE training techniques.
    • LiSSA provides a promising approach for robust feature learning in classification.