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Pathogen Dynamics in an Invasive Frog Compared to Native Species.

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Invasive rain frogs showed higher Ranavirus (Rv) infection rates than native species. This highlights the need for broad pathogen surveillance in wildlife, especially concerning invasive species.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Wildlife disease ecology
  • Amphibian pathology
  • Invasive species biology

Background:

  • Emerging infectious diseases pose significant threats to global wildlife.
  • Amphibians face severe population declines due to pathogens like Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and Ranavirus (Rv).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the infection intensity and prevalence of Bd and Rv in amphibian species.
  • To investigate seasonal variations in pathogen dynamics.
  • To assess the role of invasive species in disease transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Field surveys and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were employed.
  • Oral and skin swabs were collected over one year from four anuran species on Jekyll Island, Georgia.
  • Infection intensity and prevalence of Bd and Rv were analyzed across species and seasons.

Main Results:

  • Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) infection dynamics showed no significant seasonal variation.
  • Ranavirus (Rv) prevalence and intensity were significantly higher in fall 2014 than spring 2015.
  • The invasive rain frog (Eleutherodactylus planirostris) exhibited significantly higher Rv prevalence and intensity compared to native species.

Conclusions:

  • Invasive amphibians may act as significant drivers of disease dynamics.
  • Comprehensive pathogen surveillance across multiple species and time periods is crucial for understanding wildlife disease landscapes.
  • Seasonal variations impact Ranavirus (Rv) prevalence and intensity in amphibian populations.