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Related Concept Videos

Drug Distribution: Overview01:11

Drug Distribution: Overview

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Drug distribution within the body is a dynamic process involving the movement of a drug in two directions across various compartments: from the bloodstream into tissues (tissue uptake) and from tissues back into the bloodstream (tissue release or redistribution). This process is passive and primarily driven by two variables: the concentration gradient between the bloodstream and the extravascular tissues and the drug's ability to cross the cell membrane.
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Drug Distribution: Tissue Binding01:21

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Upon entering the systemic circulation, drugs can distribute into the interstitial and intracellular fluid of various tissue cells. This distribution is facilitated by the binding of drugs to different cellular components within tissues, which may lead to drug accumulation in specific areas. Drugs bound to tissue components serve as reservoirs that release free drugs back into the system, prolonging the drug's overall action. However, this accumulation can also result in local toxicity.
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Overview of Muscle Tissues01:25

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The human body has three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Each class has unique properties that enable them to perform specific functions. However, all muscle tissues share certain properties, including elasticity, contractility, and excitability. 
Elasticity
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Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Tissue Permeability01:30

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The drug distribution process within the human body is a complex interplay of various physicochemical properties inherent to the drugs. These properties, including molecular size, ionization degree, partition coefficient, and stereochemical nature, significantly impact how drugs permeate biological membranes to reach their target tissues.
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview01:22

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Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
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Overview of Connective Tissues Proper01:25

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Connective tissue proper is a class of connective tissue that encompasses all mature connective tissues except bone, cartilage, blood, and lymph. This extensive class of tissues has two subclasses — loose and dense connective tissues — classified based on the protein fiber arrangement and the amount of ground substance. 
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Identification of Orexin and Endocannabinoid Receptors in Adult Zebrafish Using Immunoperoxidase and Immunofluorescence Methods
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Endocannabinoid System Components: Overview and Tissue Distribution.

Neal Joshi1, Emmanuel S Onaivi2

  • 1Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The endocannabinoid system (ECS), involving phytocannabinoids and endocannabinoids (eCBs), regulates human functions. Research now explores its widespread role in the central nervous system, immune system, and periphery.

Keywords:
Cannabinoid receptorsCannabinoidsCannabisEndocannabinoids

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cannabinoid research has evolved significantly over 50 years.
  • Phytocannabinoids and endocannabinoids (eCBs) interact with cannabinoid receptors (CBRs).
  • The endocannabinoid system (ECS) influences physiological, behavioral, immunological, and metabolic functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the components and tissue distribution of the ECS.
  • To highlight the ECS's role in the central nervous system (CNS) and immune processes.
  • To discuss the expanding research of the ECS in the periphery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on the ECS.
  • Analysis of biotechnological advances in cannabinoid research.
  • Examination of studies on ECS distribution in mammalian tissues.

Main Results:

  • The ECS is a complex and ubiquitous system involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes.
  • Significant research milestones have been achieved in understanding the ECS in the CNS and immune system.
  • ECS research is rapidly extending to peripheral tissues.

Conclusions:

  • The ECS plays a critical role in nearly all aspects of mammalian health and disease.
  • Further investigation into the ECS's peripheral functions is warranted.
  • Understanding the ECS is crucial for advancing medical and biotechnological applications.