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CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
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Cannabinoid Signaling in Cancer.

Subhadip Das1,2, Kirti Kaul1,2, Sanjay Mishra1,2

  • 1Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Cannabinoids, compounds interacting with cannabinoid receptors, show potential in cancer therapy. They modulate cell signaling pathways, inhibit tumor growth, and may offer new therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
CannabinoidsMetabolismSignalingTumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cannabinoids are chemical structures interacting with cannabinoid receptors (CBR).
  • Beyond psychotropic effects, cannabinoids interact with various orphan receptors.
  • Cannabinoid signaling influences cell growth, differentiation, metabolism, and apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how cannabinoids regulate signaling mechanisms in cancer and immune cells.
  • To investigate the therapeutic effects of cannabinoids in the tumor microenvironment.
  • To provide insights into the role of cannabinoids in metabolism and tumor inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of signaling pathways (AKT, EGFR, mTOR) involved in tumor development.
  • Analysis of cannabinoid interactions with cellular and immune components within the tumor microenvironment.
  • Examination of clinical trials and combinational approaches involving cannabinoids.

Main Results:

  • Cannabinoids may reverse tumor-promoting signaling pathways.
  • Induction of apoptosis and autophagy by cannabinoids.
  • Modulation of the immune system and metabolism for tumor inhibition.

Conclusions:

  • Cannabinoids exhibit therapeutic potential by regulating diverse signaling pathways in cancer.
  • Cannabinoids may offer novel therapeutic opportunities in invasive cancers.
  • Further clinical trials are investigating cannabinoids as a cancer treatment strategy.