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Development and Validation of a Polypharmacy Knowledge Assessment Instrument.

John M Thomas1,2, Marcia C Mecca1,2, Kristina M Niehoff2,3

  • 1Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education
|July 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A new polypharmacy knowledge test was developed for academic settings. Pharmacists and geriatricians scored higher than medical residents, highlighting a need for improved polypharmacy education.

Keywords:
deprescribinggeriatricspolypharmacyprimary care education, interprofessional education

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Pharmacy Education

Background:

  • Polypharmacy is a significant challenge in geriatric primary care.
  • Assessing healthcare professionals' knowledge of polypharmacy is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a brief, valid instrument for assessing postgraduate residents' knowledge of polypharmacy.
  • To evaluate the instrument's effectiveness in academic settings.

Main Methods:

  • A 26-item multiple-choice test was created using a modified Delphi process.
  • The test was administered to 74 participants, including medical residents, nurse practitioner residents, attendings, pharmacists, and fellows.
  • Construct validity was assessed using factor analysis and item response theory.

Main Results:

  • The response rate was 89%, with a one-factor solution identified.
  • Item response theory yielded 12-item and six-item test versions.
  • Pharmacists and geriatricians achieved higher scores (88%) than medical residents (58%) and primary care attendings (61%).

Conclusions:

  • Both 12-item and six-item polypharmacy tests demonstrated acceptable validity and internal consistency.
  • The findings indicate a need for enhanced polypharmacy education, particularly for medical residents and primary care attendings.