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Revisiting the liver's role in transplant alloimmunity
Nitin Abrol1, Caroline C Jadlowiec2, Timucin Taner3
1William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Massyo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States.
World Journal of Gastroenterology
|July 24, 2019
Summary
The transplanted liver uniquely modulates the recipient immune system, inducing tolerance and protecting other transplanted organs. This review explores the liver allograft
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Transplantation Biology
- Hepatology
Background:
- Liver transplantation is known to induce immune tolerance.
- The liver plays a protective role in multivisceral transplantation, preventing rejection of co-transplanted organs.
- Liver allografts contain immune cells that migrate to the recipient, influencing systemic immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the privileged status of liver transplantation.
- To review the liver allograft's role in multivisceral transplantation.
- To explore the mechanisms of immune modulation by the liver allograft.
Main Methods:
- Review of early and recent studies on liver transplantation and immunomodulation.
- Analysis of human T-cell subtypes, cytokine expression, and gene expression.
- Discussion of cellular and molecular mechanisms of immune tolerance.
Main Results:
- Liver transplantation induces a unique state of immune tolerance.
- Chimerism is a key mechanism in liver-induced immune modulation.
- Recent research highlights T-cell subtypes and gene expression in understanding immunomodulation.
Conclusions:
- The liver's unique properties facilitate immune tolerance post-transplantation.
- Understanding liver allograft immunomodulation is crucial for improving transplantation outcomes.
- Further research into cellular and molecular mechanisms will enhance tolerance induction.