Current methods for the assessment of skin microcirculation: Part 1

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Physiology
• Dermatology
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Microcirculation constitutes 99% of adult blood vessels, bridging arterial and venous systems.
• Skin microcirculation involves superficial and deep vascular plexuses, including small arteries, veins, lymphatics, and anastomoses.
• It plays a critical role in skin health and can be impacted by systemic diseases and dermatological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the significance of skin microcirculation.
• To outline the diagnostic capabilities of various non-invasive assessment techniques.
• To highlight the clinical relevance of these methods in understanding skin pathologies.

Main Methods:

• Review of established and emerging non-invasive techniques for assessing skin microcirculation.
• Discussion of methods including capillaroscopy, laser Doppler flowmetry, thermography, and transcutaneous oxygen measurement.
• Inclusion of advanced techniques like photoplethysmography, near-infrared spectroscopy, and optical coherence tomography for clinical research.

Main Results:

• Non-invasive techniques provide valuable insights into skin microcirculation.
• Established methods like capillaroscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry have recognized clinical value.
• Emerging technologies offer expanded capabilities for research and clinical applications.

Conclusions:

• Skin microcirculation assessment is vital for diagnosing and managing various health conditions.
• A range of non-invasive techniques are available, with varying clinical and research applications.
• Continued development and application of these methods will enhance understanding and treatment of microcirculatory disorders.