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Moving Away from Population-Based Case-Control Studies during Outbreak Investigations.
Rachel H Jervis1, Hillary Booth2, Alicia B Cronquist1
11 Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 4300 Cherry Creek Drive South, Denver, Colorado 80246.
Journal of Food Protection
|July 24, 2019
Summary
Binomial trials offer an efficient alternative to traditional case-control studies for foodborne outbreak investigations. These trials quickly assess the likelihood of exposure by chance, aiding in hypothesis generation for traceback efforts.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Food Safety
Background:
- Population-based case-control studies are crucial but resource-intensive for foodborne outbreak investigations.
- Investigating foodborne illness outbreaks requires efficient and accurate methods to identify causative agents and sources.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of binomial trials as an alternative to case-control studies in foodborne outbreak investigations.
- To compare the efficiency and comparability of results between binomial trials and case-control studies.
Main Methods:
- Conducted comparative analysis of binomial trials and population-based case-control studies in two distinct foodborne outbreaks.
- Calculated binomial trials using background exposure data to assess the probability of observed food vehicle consumption by chance.
Main Results:
- Binomial trials in both outbreaks yielded a less than 5% probability of observed case-food vehicle association occurring by chance.
- Results from binomial trials were comparable to those from case-control studies.
- Binomial trials required significantly less time and labor compared to case-control studies.
Conclusions:
- Binomial trials are an efficient method for exploring hypotheses in foodborne outbreak investigations when background exposure data are available.
- Binomial trials provide a valuable, less resource-intensive approach that complements traditional epidemiological methods.
- This method can guide further traceback efforts to identify the common source of foodborne outbreaks.
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