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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
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Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
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High-Density Lipoproteins Decrease Proinflammatory Activity and Modulate the Innate Immune Response.

Natalia A Taborda1,2, Yurany Blanquiceth1,3, Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima1

  • 1Grupo Inmunovirologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.

Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research : the Official Journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research
|July 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) modulate innate immune responses, reducing inflammation caused by cholesterol crystals and other activators. This suggests HDLs may help control inflammatory diseases like atherosclerosis.

Keywords:
Toll-like receptorscholesterol crystalshigh-density lipoproteinsinflammasomeinterleukin-1β

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research
  • Inflammation Biology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory arterial disease, a primary cause of heart disease and stroke.
  • NLRP3 inflammasome activation drives inflammation by producing cytokines like IL-1β, contributing to disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) against cholesterol crystals and other innate immune activators.
  • To investigate HDL's effects on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent cytokine production.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized human and murine macrophages (including THP-1 cells) stimulated with immune activators, with and without HDL.
  • Assessed IL-1β and IL-6 production via ELISA and evaluated in vivo anti-inflammatory effects in a murine model.

Main Results:

  • HDLs demonstrated immunomodulatory effects across various cell types, influencing Toll-like receptors (TLRs), dectin-1, and inflammasomes.
  • HDL reduced IL-1β and IL-6 production induced by cholesterol crystals, nigericin, and TLR agonists, mitigating inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • HDLs play a crucial role in regulating innate immune responses.
  • HDLs exhibit potential therapeutic benefits for inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis.