A meta-analysis of multiple matched aCGH/expression cancer datasets reveals regulatory relationships and pathway

Richard Newton1, Lorenz Wernisch1

  • 1MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Plos One
|July 24, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Gene copy number disruptions in cancer reveal regulatory relationships. Genes with consistent copy number changes are linked to cancer pathways, aiding future research.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Cancer Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Gene copy number alterations are common in cancer, serving as natural experiments.
  • Existing databases like METAMATCHED contain valuable genomic and transcriptomic data from cancer samples.
  • Predicting gene regulatory relationships from copy number variations can offer insights into cancer pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate genes with consistently heterogeneous copy number disruption across multiple cancer datasets.
  • To assess the relevance of these genes to cancer pathology by analyzing their predicted regulatory networks and biological pathways.
  • To identify novel regulator-target interactions and pathway memberships potentially involved in cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized matched array comparative genomics and transcriptomics data from the METAMATCHED database.
  • Employed a network-based method to identify enriched biological pathways from inferred gene targets.
  • Focused analysis on genes exhibiting consistent heterogeneous copy number disruption.

Main Results:

  • Identified genes with consistent heterogeneous copy number disruption across numerous cancer datasets.
  • Predicted numerous regulator-target interactions, including both known and novel relationships.
  • Highlighted the gene POGZ as an example with extensive predicted targets and involvement in cancer-related pathways.
  • Network analysis predicted enriched pathways associated with genes showing consistent copy number disruption.

Conclusions:

  • Genes with consistent heterogeneous copy number disruption appear closely involved in known cancer pathways.
  • The predicted regulatory relationships and pathway memberships provide a resource for future experimental validation.
  • This study enhances understanding of gene regulation in cancer and identifies potential therapeutic targets.

Related Concept Videos

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
11.2K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
25.8K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

3.9K
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
11.6K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
1.3K
Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators

γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for...
1.2K