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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Robot-Assisted Kidney Transplantation
Published on: July 19, 2021
Tissue typing for kidney transplantation for the general nephrologist
William R Mulley1,2, Fiona Hudson3, Darren Lee4,5,6
1Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract:
Tissue typing is the process by which an individual's human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are determined. In transplantation, this vital process allows the immunologic or rejection risk of a donor-recipient pairing to be assessed through reviewing their HLA matching and whether any anti-HLA antibodies present in recipient serum are donor specific. Tissue typing has increased in sophistication over time which has allowed a deeper appreciation of the antigenically important parts of HLA and increased the complexity of determining immunologic risk.
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