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Vitamin E-Loaded PLA- and PLGA-Based Core-Shell Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Structure Optimization and Controlled Drug

Norbert Varga1, Árpád Turcsányi1, Viktória Hornok1,2

  • 1Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich B. square 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.

Pharmaceutics
|July 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin E (α-Tocopherol) was encapsulated into biocompatible nanoparticles using poly(lactic acid) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) polymers. These core-shell nanoparticles show controlled release and improved drug loading for enhanced delivery.

Keywords:
PLAPLGAcontrolled drug releasecore-shell nanoparticlesdrug deliverytocopherolvitamin E

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Vitamin E (α-Tocopherol) is a vital antioxidant with therapeutic potential.
  • Encapsulation into biocompatible polymers offers a strategy for controlled delivery.
  • Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) are established biodegradable polymers for drug carriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To encapsulate α-Tocopherol (TP) into PLA and PLGA core-shell nanoparticles.
  • To optimize polymer ratios and surfactant concentration for high encapsulation efficiency.
  • To characterize the nanoparticles and evaluate the controlled release of TP.

Main Methods:

  • Core-shell nanoparticles were fabricated using PLA and PLGA.
  • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used for size and structure analysis.
  • Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), turbidity studies, and spectrophotometric measurements assessed drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and release kinetics.

Main Results:

  • Well-defined nanosized (200-220 nm) core-shell nanoparticles were formed with 15-19% drug loading.
  • High encapsulation efficiency (EE%) was achieved, reaching up to 88% with PLGA carriers.
  • Controlled release of α-Tocopherol was observed, with release rates dependent on the polymer type (e.g., 18% release in 7h for PLGA65/TP).
  • PLGA carriers demonstrated higher drug loading capacity compared to PLA.

Conclusions:

  • Biocompatible PLA and PLGA nanoparticles are effective carriers for α-Tocopherol.
  • The choice of polymer (PLA vs. PLGA) significantly impacts encapsulation efficiency and drug loading.
  • These core-shell nanoparticles offer a promising platform for controlled delivery of hydrophobic drugs like Vitamin E.