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Alexandra G Rosati1,2, Natalie Benjamin3, Kerrie Pieloch4

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Young children can engage in economic exchanges, sharing more when reciprocation is possible. However, their ability to invest in trustworthy partners develops with age, showing emerging sensitivity to appropriate partners.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Social Neuroscience

Background:

  • Interpersonal trust and reciprocation are vital for mutually beneficial interactions and human social behavior.
  • The trust game, used in adults, assesses economic exchange by balancing potential gains with the risk of betrayal.
  • The developmental origins of interpersonal trust in children remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt the trust game for young children, capturing both the opportunity for mutual benefit and the risk of trust betrayal.
  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of trust and reciprocity in children aged 4 and 6 years.
  • To understand how children make judgments about interpersonal trust in economic exchanges.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a child-friendly version of the trust game.
  • Three experiments involving 4- and 6-year-old children.
  • Comparison of sharing behavior in conditions of possible reciprocation versus pure generosity.

Main Results:

  • Children recognized opportunities for investment and shared more when reciprocation was possible.
  • Young children demonstrated a developing ability to differentiate between trustworthy and untrustworthy partners.
  • Sensitivity to partner trustworthiness increased with age, indicating a developmental emergence of this cooperative skill.

Conclusions:

  • Young children are capable of engaging in economic exchanges that involve judgments of interpersonal trust.
  • The ability to selectively invest in trustworthy partners develops throughout early childhood.
  • These findings illuminate the ontogeny of a crucial cooperative ability essential for social and economic interactions.