Severe purulent pericarditis caused by invasive Eikenella corrodens: case report and literature review

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Cardiology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Eikenella corrodens is a gram-negative bacillus known for causing invasive infections.
• Pericarditis due to E. corrodens is exceptionally rare, despite the bacterium's potential for severe disease.
• This study highlights a critical, yet underreported, clinical presentation of E. corrodens.

Observation:

• A 63-year-old male presented with left shoulder pain, later diagnosed with purulent pericarditis.
• Eikenella corrodens was identified as the causative agent in pericardial fluid cultures.
• The patient experienced rapid clinical deterioration despite sensitive antibiotic treatment and drainage surgery.

Findings:

• Eikenella corrodens is an infrequent pathogen associated with pericarditis.
• Infections caused by E. corrodens can manifest atypically and progress rapidly, especially in neutropenic patients.
• The case underscores the aggressive nature of E. corrodens in immunocompromised hosts.

Implications:

• Early recognition of E. corrodens as a potential cause of purulent pericarditis is vital.
• Effective management likely requires timely diagnosis, surgical drainage, and appropriate antibiotic therapy.
• This case emphasizes the need for heightened awareness of E. corrodens in severe invasive infections.