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Updated: Jan 21, 2026
05:25
Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
Published on: August 14, 2019
20.0K
Urinary Melamine Levels and Progression of CKD
Yi-Chun Tsai1,2,3,4,5, Chia-Fang Wu3,6, Chia-Chu Liu7,3,8
1Divisions of Nephrology and.
Summary
Environmental melamine exposure is linked to worsening kidney function in patients with early-stage Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Higher urinary melamine levels correlate with increased risk of kidney function decline.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Environmental Health
- Toxicology
Background:
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) poses a significant global health challenge.
- Limited evidence exists linking environmental melamine exposure to kidney diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between urinary melamine levels and kidney outcomes in patients with early-stage CKD.
- To determine if melamine exposure predicts kidney function deterioration.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study involving patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30 ml/min per 1.73 m².
- Measurement of urinary corrected melamine levels using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
- Follow-up for kidney outcomes including doubling of serum creatinine and eGFR decline.
Main Results:
- A total of 293 subjects were analyzed with a median follow-up of 7.0 years.
- Subjects in the highest tertile of urinary melamine had a 2.30-fold increased hazard risk for doubling of serum creatinine.
- Significant dose-response relationships were observed for eGFR decline.
Conclusions:
- Urinary melamine levels are significantly associated with kidney function deterioration in early-stage CKD.
- Environmental melamine exposure may be a risk factor for progressive kidney disease.
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