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The heterogeneity in link weights may decrease the robustness of real-world complex weighted networks.

M Bellingeri1, D Bevacqua2, F Scotognella3,4

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, via G.P. Usberti, 7/a, 43124, Parma, Italy. michele.bellingeri@unipr.it.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Attacking complex networks by removing high-strength nodes and links causes weighted function collapse, not connectivity loss. Network robustness is overestimated if only connectivity is considered, and heterogeneity worsens this effect.

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Area of Science:

  • Network Science
  • Complex Systems Analysis
  • Systems Robustness

Background:

  • Real-world complex networks exhibit intricate structures with weighted links.
  • Assessing network robustness is crucial for understanding system resilience against failures and attacks.
  • Traditional robustness measures often focus on topological connectivity, potentially overlooking functional performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze the robustness of real-world complex weighted networks.
  • To evaluate network response to targeted node and link removal using both binary and weighted measures.
  • To investigate the impact of link weight heterogeneity on network robustness.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of seven high-quality real-world complex weighted networks.
  • Application of damage measures for binary (e.g., largest connected cluster, binary efficiency) and weighted (e.g., efficiency, total flow) network structures.
  • Simulated removal of nodes and links based on strength and weight.
  • Random reassignment of link weights to assess heterogeneity effects.

Main Results:

  • Removal of a small fraction of high-strength nodes and high-weight links causes abrupt collapse in weighted functioning measures (efficiency, total flow).
  • Binary topological measures (e.g., largest connected cluster) remain largely unaffected by such targeted removals.
  • Highly heterogeneous networks exhibit a faster decrease in efficiency upon node-link removal, indicating reduced robustness.
  • Network robustness can be overestimated when focusing solely on topological connectedness.

Conclusions:

  • Complex weighted networks exhibit a critical vulnerability where targeted attacks on high-strength/weight elements lead to functional collapse while maintaining connectivity.
  • Relying solely on connectivity measures can lead to an overestimation of network robustness.
  • Link weight heterogeneity negatively correlates with network robustness, making heterogeneous networks more susceptible to efficiency degradation.