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Clinical Significance of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Acute Pediatric Diarrhea

Yoonseon Park1, Minji Son1, Dong Wook Jekarl2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea.

Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
|July 25, 2019
PubMed

Insights

C-reactive protein (CRP) in blood is a valuable marker for fever and bacterial infections in children with acute diarrhea. Combining CRP with fecal lactoferrin improves diagnosis of bacterial causes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Acute infectious diarrhea is a common cause of childhood hospitalization.
  • Accurate differentiation between bacterial and viral etiologies is crucial for appropriate treatment.
  • Inflammatory biomarkers may aid in diagnosing the cause of pediatric diarrhea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the clinical significance of various inflammatory biomarkers in children with acute infectious diarrhea.
  • To determine the utility of these biomarkers in identifying fever and bacterial pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 62 hospitalized children with acute diarrhea was studied.
  • Clinical data, including fever and etiological diagnosis (bacterial/viral), were collected.
  • Nine inflammatory biomarkers (blood and fecal) were analyzed, including C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and fecal lactoferrin.

Main Results:

  • C-reactive protein (CRP) showed a significant correlation with fever (p<0.001).
  • CRP, ESR, calprotectin, lactoferrin, myeloperoxidase, fecal leukocytes, and occult blood were significantly associated with bacterial infections (p<0.05).
  • A combination of CRP and fecal lactoferrin achieved 72.2% sensitivity and 95.5% specificity for bacterial etiology.

Conclusions:

  • Blood CRP is a useful diagnostic marker for fever and bacterial infections in pediatric acute diarrhea.
  • The combined use of CRP and fecal lactoferrin enhances diagnostic accuracy for bacterial etiology in children without underlying gastrointestinal disease.
Abstract

Keywords:
BiomarkersC-reactive proteinChildDiarrheaLactoferrin

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