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Microfluidic epigenomic mapping technologies for precision medicine.

Chengyu Deng1, Lynette B Naler1, Chang Lu1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA. changlu@vt.edu.

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Microfluidics enables low-input, high-throughput epigenomic profiling for precision medicine. This review explores technologies for analyzing histone modifications, DNA methylation, and chromatin structures, advancing translational potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Epigenomic mapping provides insights into gene regulation in development and disease.
  • Profiling epigenomes from limited patient or mouse samples poses significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of microfluidics in low-input, high-throughput epigenomic profiling.
  • To discuss technologies interfacing with next-generation sequencing for epigenomic analysis.
  • To explore the translational potential of epigenomic profiling in precision medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microfluidic devices for epigenomic profiling.
  • Emphasis on technologies compatible with next-generation sequencing.
  • Detailed examination of assays for histone modifications, DNA methylation, 3D chromatin structure, and non-coding RNAs.

Main Results:

  • Microfluidics facilitates efficient epigenomic profiling from limited cell numbers.
  • Technologies are advancing for high-throughput analysis of various epigenomic marks.
  • Interfacing microfluidics with next-generation sequencing is crucial for scalability.

Conclusions:

  • Microfluidic technologies are essential for advancing low-input epigenomic profiling.
  • Future developments will enhance method sensitivity and broaden translational applications in precision medicine.
  • This review highlights the convergence of microfluidics and epigenomics for future research.