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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
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In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
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lncRNA expression predicts mRNA abundance.

Alicja Pacholewska1, Myong-Hee Sung1

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.

Epigenomics
|July 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) tightly coordinate with messenger RNAs (mRNAs) during macrophage responses to inflammation. This study reveals a strong link between lncRNA and mRNA expression, crucial for understanding cellular responses.

Keywords:
bioinformaticscomputational biologycomputational epigenomicsfunctional genomicsgene regulation

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression.
  • Advancements in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) enable the study of low-abundance lncRNAs.
  • The functional relationship between lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between lncRNA expression and their putative partner mRNAs in macrophages.
  • To understand how lncRNA-mRNA interactions are affected by inflammatory stimuli and genetic variations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of total RNA-sequencing data from mouse macrophages.
  • Examination of gene expression profiles under various inflammatory and intervention conditions.
  • Correlation analysis of lncRNA and mRNA expression patterns.

Main Results:

  • Macrophage lncRNA expression is significantly regulated by inflammatory stimuli.
  • A majority of lncRNAs showed correlated or anti-correlated expression with partner mRNAs.
  • This lncRNA-mRNA expression coupling was consistent across different treatment conditions and genotypes.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNA and mRNA expression are tightly coupled during macrophage responses to microenvironmental changes.
  • This coordinated regulation suggests a critical role for lncRNAs in inflammatory signaling pathways.
  • The findings highlight a previously unappreciated layer of gene regulation in immune cells.