New principle for busbar protection based on the Euclidean distance algorithm.

Area of Science:

• Electrical Engineering
• Power Systems Protection
• Signal Processing

Background:

• Busbar protection is critical for power system reliability.
• Existing methods face challenges in accurately discriminating internal and external faults.
• Fast and reliable fault detection is essential for preventing cascading failures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a new, fast busbar protection algorithm.
• To enhance the accuracy of discriminating between internal and external busbar faults.
• To leverage waveform similarity analysis for robust protection.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing the S-transform to analyze back-wave propagation from transmission lines.
• Calculating Euclidean distance between S-transformed back-waves to quantify similarity.
• Developing a protection criterion based on the ratio of maximal to minimal similarity.

Main Results:

• Internal busbar faults exhibit high back-wave similarity (small Euclidean distance) across lines.
• External faults show low similarity between faulty and non-faulty lines.
• The proposed method accurately discriminates internal and external faults with high sensitivity and reliability.

Conclusions:

• The S-transform-based back-wave similarity analysis provides an effective busbar protection strategy.
• The proposed algorithm offers a sensitive and reliable solution for power system fault detection.
• This approach enhances the security and stability of electrical grids.