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Using a 3D printer in cardiac valve surgery: a systematic review.

Liliana Fortini Cavalheiro Boll1, Guilherme Oberto Rodrigues2, Clarissa Garcia Rodrigues1

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing aids complex cardiac surgery planning. Patient-specific 3D models improve surgical planning for heart valve procedures, potentially reducing surgery time and infection risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Medical Technology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The application of 3D printing technology in planning complex cardiac surgeries is an emerging area.
  • 3D printing offers patient-specific anatomical models for surgical rehearsal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the literature on the use and benefits of 3D printing in heart valve surgery.
  • To analyze the impact of 3D printing on surgical planning and patient outcomes in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review guidelines.
  • Searched databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Lilacs for relevant studies.
  • Included articles on "Heart Valves," "Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation," and "Printing, Three-Dimensional."

Main Results:

  • Identified 301 articles and 13 case reports/series meeting inclusion criteria.
  • Included studies encompassed 34 patients ranging from 3 months to 94 years of age.
  • No studies with a large patient cohort were found.

Conclusions:

  • Patient-specific 3D-printed models facilitate detailed surgical planning for heart valve procedures.
  • This planning allows for optimal selection of surgical materials, size, and format.
  • Benefits include reduced surgery duration, decreased patient exposure, and a lower risk of infection.