Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Heterotopic Auxiliary Rat Liver Transplantation With Flow-regulated Portal Vein Arterialization in Acute Hepatic Failure
16:19

Heterotopic Auxiliary Rat Liver Transplantation With Flow-regulated Portal Vein Arterialization in Acute Hepatic Failure

Published on: September 13, 2014

13.2K

Fulminant acute hepatitis in pediatrics in Latin America and the Caribbean

José Colleti Junior1,2, Felipe Rezende Caino1,3, Rafael Teixeira3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Santa Catarina Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)
|July 25, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Fulminant acute hepatitis in Latin America and the Caribbean is often caused by the hepatitis A virus. Vaccination and improved sanitation can prevent many cases and reduce liver transplant costs.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Fulminant acute hepatitis (FAH) presents a significant public health challenge in Latin America and the Caribbean.
  • Understanding the epidemiology of FAH is crucial for developing effective patient support strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiology of Fulminant Acute Hepatitis in Latin America and the Caribbean.
  • To identify measures for better understanding and improving patient support for FAH.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of studies on FAH in pediatrics published between 2000 and 2016.
  • Searches were conducted in PubMed and SciELO databases by three independent researchers.
  • Analysis included 68 selected studies, encompassing 1,265 cases of FAH.

Main Results:

  • Viral hepatitis was the primary cause of FAH, accounting for 45.1% of cases.
  • Hepatitis A virus (HAV) was responsible for 34.7% of all FAH cases and 76.9% of infectious causes.
  • Idiopathic or unknown causes accounted for 38.4% of FAH cases.

Conclusions:

  • Hepatitis viruses, particularly HAV, and poisoning are preventable causes of FAH.
  • Implementing active vaccination, improving basic sanitation, and raising public awareness can decrease FAH incidence.
  • These preventive measures can subsequently reduce the economic burden associated with liver transplantation for FAH.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring Venous Waveforms in Porcine Models to Tackle Volume Overload in Medicine06:09

Author Spotlight: Exploring Venous Waveforms in Porcine Models to Tackle Volume Overload in Medicine

Published on: January 12, 2024

997
A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication13:04

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

24.7K

Related Concept Videos

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
260
Hepatic Portal System01:21

Hepatic Portal System

The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
At its core, the hepatic portal vein is the result of a confluence of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins along with the splenic vein. Each of these veins has a unique role. The superior mesenteric vein is...
5.5K
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
219
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
214
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
263
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
196