Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
07:15

Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Published on: August 23, 2024

875

Diallyl Disulfide Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Osteosarcoma MG-63 Cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway

Ziqi Yue1, Xin Guan1, Rui Chao1

  • 1Department of Bone Metabolism, School of Stomatology Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, China.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 26, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Diallyl disulfide (DADs) from garlic inhibits osteosarcoma cell growth by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. This natural compound targets the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, offering potential for new cancer treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Diallyl disulfide (DADs), a natural compound from garlic and scallions, exhibits anti-tumor properties.
  • Osteosarcoma remains a significant challenge in bone cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-tumor effects of DADs on human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63).
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, including apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy, mediated by DADs.

Main Methods:

  • MG-63 cells were treated with varying concentrations of DADs (0-100 μM) for 24-72 hours.
  • Cell viability was assessed using CCK8 assay; apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry.
  • Western blot analysis detected key proteins involved in apoptosis (caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2), autophagy (LC3-II/LC3-I, p62), and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Main Results:

  • DADs significantly inhibited MG-63 cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
  • DADs induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis.
  • DADs promoted autophagy, evidenced by increased LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, and inhibited the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to autophagy-mediated cell death.

Conclusions:

  • DADs effectively induces apoptosis and autophagy in human osteosarcoma cells.
  • Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is a key mechanism underlying DADs' anti-tumor effects.
  • DADs presents a promising therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma treatment.
Keywords:
PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathwayapoptosisautophagydiallyl disulfideosteosarcoma

More Related Videos

Modeling Osteosarcoma Using Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Patient-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells08:52

Modeling Osteosarcoma Using Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Patient-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: June 13, 2018

9.3K
Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma09:25

Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma

Published on: October 14, 2016

19.6K

Related Concept Videos

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
5.4K
Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
14.2K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.7K
Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
5.7K
C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
48.8K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
27.3K