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Swim-Specific Resistance Training: A Systematic Review.

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Specific in-water swimming power training (SSWPT) most effectively enhances swimming performance. Swim-specific dry land resistance training (SDLRT), especially inertial training, also improves swimming and strength, warranting further research.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Optimizing swimming performance requires targeted training strategies.
  • Understanding the efficacy of different training modalities is crucial for athletes and coaches.
  • Swim-specific dry land resistance training (SDLRT) and specific in-water swimming power training (SSWPT) are key areas of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review swim-specific training methods for enhancing swimming performance.
  • To identify strength- and power-related tests that best predict swimming performance.
  • To compare the effectiveness of SDLRT and SSWPT.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, Cochrane Plus, and SPORTDiscus up to June 2018.
  • Categorization of studies into SDLRT and SSWPT.
  • Inclusion of 25 studies from 1,844 initial citations.

Main Results:

  • SSWPT, particularly tethered swimming protocols, demonstrated the most significant improvements in swimming performance.
  • SDLRT is also effective, with inertial training potentially yielding greater gains in strength, power, and swimming performance compared to traditional resistance training.
  • Tether forces exhibited the strongest correlations with swimming performance.

Conclusions:

  • SSWPT is the most appropriate training method for improving swimming performance.
  • SDLRT is a viable alternative, with inertial training showing promise for enhanced outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the transferability of SDLRT to swimming performance and the efficacy of tethered swimming.