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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy: Technique, Indications, Tips and Pitfalls
Marina Carrasco-Llatas1, Silvia Matarredona-Quiles2, Andrea De Vito3
1Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset., 46017 Valencia, Spain. carrasco_mar@gva.es.
Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) standardizes upper airway assessment for sleep apnea patients. This guide details reliable DISE performance, indications, and interpretation for accurate diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Sleep Medicine
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and snoring require accurate upper airway assessment.
- Current diagnostic methods lack standardization for reliable results.
- Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) simulates natural sleep conditions for evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide standardized recommendations for performing DISE.
- To outline indications for DISE procedures.
- To guide the interpretation of upper airway information obtained during DISE.
Main Methods:
- Review of current DISE techniques and literature.
- Development of a standardized protocol for DISE performance.
- Guidelines for data acquisition and interpretation.
Main Results:
- Identified key areas for standardization in DISE.
- Proposed a structured approach to DISE procedures.
- Emphasized the importance of reproducible findings.
Conclusions:
- Standardized DISE improves diagnostic reliability for OSA and snoring.
- Clear indications and interpretation protocols enhance clinical utility.
- This approach facilitates better treatment planning for airway obstruction.
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