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Dentin in chronic renal failure: an ultrastructural study.

D B Clark1, G P Wysocki

  • 1Department of Oral Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Journal of Oral Pathology
|February 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Chronic renal failure disrupts tooth dentin mineralization, causing significant ultrastructural changes. These alterations in dentin reflect the severity of mineral metabolism disturbances and treatment effectiveness.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Oral Biology
  • Biomineralization

Background:

  • Mineralization disturbances in hard tissues are common in chronic renal failure (CRF) and hemodialysis.
  • These issues stem from complex alterations in calcium and phosphorus metabolism.
  • Previous research identified thicker predentin in CRF patients, but ultrastructural dentin changes were less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comparative ultrastructural analysis of dentin in patients with chronic renal failure.
  • To investigate the spectrum of ultrastructural changes in dentin associated with CRF and its treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used for ultrastructural analysis of dentin.
  • Comparative analysis focused on dentin morphology in CRF patients.

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Main Results:

  • A wide spectrum of dentin changes was observed, from mild tubule irregularities to widespread dysplastic dentin.
  • Dysplastic dentin featured mineralized globules and irregular tubules.
  • Observed changes correlated with the type and effectiveness of treatment (renal transplant or hemodialysis).

Conclusions:

  • Dentin exhibits significant ultrastructural alterations in systemic disorders like CRF that disrupt calcium and phosphorus homeostasis.
  • These findings highlight the impact of metabolic disturbances on dental hard tissues.