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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

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Evaluating Tissue Contrast and Detecting White Matter Injury in the Infant Brain: A Comparison Study of Synthetic

D Y Kim1, W S Jung1, J W Choi1

  • 1From the Department of Radiology (D.Y.K., W.S.J., J.W.C., H.G.K.).

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|July 27, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery (sPSIR) enhances infant brain MRI image quality and tissue contrast. However, it may underestimate punctate white matter injuries compared to traditional methods.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Neuroimaging
  • Pediatric Radiology

Background:

  • Synthetic MR imaging allows for phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) image acquisition.
  • Evaluating image quality of PSIR sequences in infant brain MRI is crucial for diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the image quality of synthetic PSIR with other standard sequences in infant brain MRI.
  • To assess the efficacy of synthetic PSIR in visualizing white matter and gray matter differentiation and myelination.

Main Methods:

  • 91 infants underwent brain MRI using 3D T1-weighted fast-spoiled gradient recalled (FSPGR), synthetic T1WI, and synthetic PSIR sequences.
  • Quantitative analysis of contrast between unmyelinated white matter (WM), myelinated WM, and cortical gray matter (GM).
  • Qualitative assessment of image quality, myelination, and comparison of punctate white matter injury detection.

Main Results:

  • Synthetic PSIR demonstrated significantly higher contrast between unmyelinated and myelinated WM (P < .001).
  • Superior gray-white matter differentiation and cerebellar peduncle myelination were observed with synthetic PSIR compared to synthetic T1WI (P < .001).
  • Synthetic PSIR detected fewer punctate white matter injuries than FSPGR (1.2 ± 3.2 vs 3.4 ± 3.6, P = .001).

Conclusions:

  • Synthetic PSIR holds potential for improving tissue contrast and image quality in infant brain MRI.
  • Synthetic PSIR's value in assessing punctate white matter injuries is limited compared to 3D FSPGR imaging.

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