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Promising High-Confinement Regime for Steady-State Fusion.

G S Xu1, Q Q Yang1,2, N Yan1

  • 1Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.

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|July 27, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers achieved a stable, high-confinement fusion plasma state with small edge-localized modes (ELMs). This breakthrough, enabled by a wide pedestal and specific density gradients, offers a path toward mitigating instabilities in future fusion reactors.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Fusion Energy
  • Plasma Physics

Background:

  • Achieving stable, high-confinement plasma regimes is crucial for future fusion power plants.
  • Edge-localized modes (ELMs) are plasma instabilities that can disrupt fusion reactions.
  • Mitigating ELMs is essential for steady-state operation of fusion reactors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying physics of a reproducible stationary high-confinement regime with small edge-localized modes (ELMs).
  • To understand the role of the edge transport barrier (pedestal) characteristics in enabling this regime.
  • To provide a physics basis for mitigating ELMs in future steady-state fusion reactors.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental achievement of a stationary high-confinement regime in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak.
  • Analysis of pedestal properties, including density gradient and density ratio.
  • Nonlinear simulations to reveal the mechanism of small ELM crashes.

Main Results:

  • A reproducible stationary high-confinement regime with small ELMs was achieved in a metal-walled tokamak with low plasma rotation.
  • This regime is characterized by a wide edge transport barrier (pedestal) with a low density gradient and high pedestal foot-to-top density ratio.
  • Nonlinear simulations identified the upper movement of the peeling boundary, induced by localized pedestal collapse, as the mechanism preventing further instability growth.

Conclusions:

  • The identified mechanism provides a physics basis for mitigating ELMs in future steady-state fusion reactors.
  • The findings contribute to the development of stable operating regimes for fusion energy.
  • The study highlights the importance of pedestal structure in controlling plasma instabilities.