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Related Concept Videos

Cell Size01:22

Cell Size

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Cell sizes vary widely among and within organisms. Bacterial cells range between 1-10 micrometers (μm)and are considerably smaller than most eukaryotic cells. The smallest bacteria are 0.1 μm in diameter—about a thousand times smaller than eukaryotic cells, which typically range from 10-100 μm.
Surface Area
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Brick sizing plays a crucial role in construction, influencing both the aesthetics and structural integrity of buildings. Bricks are defined by three dimensions: width, thickness, and length. They are commonly designed to fit modular measurements, typically in multiples of 4 inches or 8 inches in width, to facilitate uniform construction and compatibility with other building materials.
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Maximum Size of Aggregate01:12

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The maximum size of aggregate is defined as the aperture of the sieve retaining 15 percent or more of the particles present in the aggregate sample. The aggregate's maximum size impacts the concrete's water requirement, workability, and strength. Larger aggregates reduce the surface area needing cement paste coverage, which can lower water needs, thereby allowing a decrease in the water-to-cement ratio when the desired workability and richness of the mix are to be maintained, which can...
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Sample Size Calculation01:19

Sample Size Calculation

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Knowledge of the sample size is the first requirement to conduct random sampling or an experiment. The sample size is the total number of units, observations, or groups (in some cases) used to get the data to estimate a population parameter. As the name suggests, the sample size is that of the sample drawn from the population and differs from the population size.
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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Biomolecular Imaging of Cellular Uptake of Nanoparticles using Multimodal Nonlinear Optical Microscopy
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Unexpected Size Effect: The Interplay between Different-Sized Nanoparticles in Their Cellular Uptake.

Ling Li1, Wen-Song Xi1, Qianqian Su1

  • 1Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Co-exposure of different-sized silica nanoparticles (SNPs) reveals size-dependent cellular uptake. Larger SNPs enhance smaller SNP uptake, while smaller SNPs inhibit larger SNP internalization, impacting nanomaterial applications.

Keywords:
cellular uptakeco-exposureinterplaysilica nanoparticlessize effects

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Area of Science:

  • Nanomedicine
  • Materials Science
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cellular uptake of nanoparticles (NPs) is crucial for their applications but size-dependent effects are not fully understood.
  • Existing studies often use single NP sizes, potentially masking complex interactions.
  • Standard NP products contain size distributions, complicating real-world uptake assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the size effect on cellular uptake of silica nanoparticles (SNPs) using a reductionist approach.
  • To explore the impact of co-exposure of different-sized SNPs on cellular internalization.
  • To elucidate the interplay between various-sized SNPs during cellular uptake.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a reductionist approach to isolate particle size as the primary variable.
  • Employed co-exposure of different-sized silica nanoparticles (SNPs) in Hela cells.
  • Analyzed uptake via clathrin-dependent endocytosis in serum-free medium.

Main Results:

  • Co-exposure revealed significant size-dependent effects not apparent in single-exposure studies.
  • Larger SNPs promoted the uptake of smaller SNPs.
  • Smaller SNPs inhibited the uptake of larger SNPs, increasing overall NP number internalization.

Conclusions:

  • An unexpected interplay between different-sized SNPs significantly influences cellular uptake.
  • This interaction necessitates a re-evaluation of size effects in nanomaterial bioapplications and safety.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering size distribution in NP formulations.