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Related Concept Videos

Electric Field01:16

Electric Field

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Consider two point charges, each exerting Coulomb force on the other. It is possible to describe the Coulomb interaction via an intermediate step by defining a new physical quantity called the electric field.
In the new picture, imagine that the first charge sets up an electric field independent of all other charges in the universe. When another charge comes in its vicinity, the second charge experiences an electric force depending on the electric field at that point. The source charge does not...
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Determining Electric Field From Electric Potential01:12

Determining Electric Field From Electric Potential

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The electric field and electric potential are related to each other. If the electric field at various points in the region of interest is known, it can be used to calculate the electric potential difference between any two points. Similarly, if the electric potential is known for various points, then it is possible to calculate the electric field.
In general, regardless of whether the electric field is uniform, it points in the direction of decreasing potential because the force on a positive...
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Finding Electric Potential From Electric Field01:13

Finding Electric Potential From Electric Field

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For a system of charges, it is easy to calculate the system's potential because potential is a scalar quantity. However, in some instances where calculating the electric field is more straightforward than finding the potential, the electric field is used to calculate the system's potential. For a positive charge, the electric field is radially outward, and the potential is positive at any finite distance from the positive charge. In such an electric field, the motion away from the...
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Electric Field Inside a Conductor01:20

Electric Field Inside a Conductor

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When a conductor is placed in an external electric field, the free charges in the conductor redistribute and very quickly reach electrostatic equilibrium. The resulting charge distribution and its electric field have many interesting properties, which can be investigated with the help of Gauss's law.
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Electric Field Lines01:25

Electric Field Lines

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The three-dimensional representation of the electric field of a positive point charge requires tracing the electric field vectors, whose lengths decrease as the square of their distance from the charge and which point away from the charge at each point. This vector field is no doubt challenging to visualize. The visualization of electric fields becomes quickly intractable as the number of charges increases.
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Induced Electric Fields01:23

Induced Electric Fields

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The fact that emfs are induced in circuits implies that work is being done on the conduction electrons in the wires. What can possibly be the source of this work? We know that it’s neither a battery nor a magnetic field, as a battery does not have to be present in a circuit where current is induced, and magnetic fields never do any work on moving charges. The source of the work is in fact an electric field that is induced in the wires. For example, if a stationary conductor is placed in a...
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Robust and Accurate Electric Field Sensing with Solid State Spin Ensembles.

Julia Michl1, Jakob Steiner1, Andrej Denisenko1

  • 13. Physikalisches Institut , University of Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 57 , Stuttgart 70569 , Germany.

Nano Letters
|July 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center spins in diamond precisely measure AC electric fields. This quantum sensing technique achieves high precision, offering a new tool for electric field detection.

Keywords:
NV centerdiamondelectric-field measurementhigh-precision measurementquantum sensor

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum sensing
  • Solid-state physics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Electron spins in solids, particularly nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, are established quantum sensors.
  • NV centers have demonstrated high-resolution nuclear spin detection and competitive magnetometer performance.
  • NV centers can detect electric field vectors, though their coupling is typically weak.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To employ ensembles of NV center spins for precise macroscopic AC electric field measurements.
  • To optimize NV center ensembles for maximum sensitivity in electric field sensing.
  • To refine electric field coupling constants through detailed measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing low-strain, 12C-enriched diamond for enhanced sensitivity.
  • Tailoring the spin Hamiltonian using magnetic field adjustments to map electric field properties.
  • Combining classical lock-in detection with quantum phase estimation techniques.
  • Implementing strategies for effective suppression of technical noise.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high-precision measurement of macroscopic AC electric fields using NV center ensembles.
  • Demonstrated refined electric field coupling constants.
  • Reached a precision of 10^-7 V/μm for a 2 kHz, 0.012 V/μm AC electric field.
  • Observed t^-1/2 uncertainty scaling for electric field strength over extended averaging periods.

Conclusions:

  • Ensembles of NV center spins provide a highly precise method for measuring AC electric fields.
  • The developed technique offers a significant advancement in electric field sensing capabilities.
  • This quantum sensing approach has potential applications in various scientific and technological fields.