Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

8.0K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
8.0K
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

4.2K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
4.2K
Bias01:22

Bias

7.2K
Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
7.2K
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

38.4K
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
38.4K
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

7.9K
7.9K
Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

352
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
352

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Early-life thermal stress reduces survival but has no long-term effects on reproduction in an insect.

Journal of thermal biology·2026
Same author

The Effect of Differing Levels of Intrasexual and Intersexual Selection on Survival and Reproduction Under a Heatwave.

Ecology and evolution·2026
Same author

Heatwaves impair female but not male fertility in a subsocial insect.

Biology letters·2026
Same author

Evolutionary ecophysiology in extreme environments under a global change scenario.

Conservation physiology·2025
Same author

Foraging and thermally induced phenotypic plasticity interact in the most northerly distributed freshwater fish.

Biology letters·2025
Same author

Predicting the Effects of Climate Change on the Fertility of Aquatic Animals Using a Meta-Analytic Approach.

Ecology letters·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Plastic Embedding and Sectioning of Xenopus laevis Embryos
14:39

Plastic Embedding and Sectioning of Xenopus laevis Embryos

Published on: April 29, 2007

14.1K

Does phenotypic plasticity initiate developmental bias?

Kevin J Parsons1, Kirsty McWhinnie1, Natalie Pilakouta1

  • 1Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.

Evolution & Development
|July 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of a single genotype to produce different phenotypes, can generate nonrandom variation. This developmental bias can drive adaptive evolution and initiate new evolutionary paths.

Keywords:
cryptic genetic variationdevelopmental signaling pathwaysflexible stemplasticity integration

More Related Videos

Extraction of Organochlorine Pesticides from Plastic Pellets and Plastic Type Analysis
10:12

Extraction of Organochlorine Pesticides from Plastic Pellets and Plastic Type Analysis

Published on: July 1, 2017

12.1K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research
05:03

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research

Published on: December 15, 2023

4.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Plastic Embedding and Sectioning of Xenopus laevis Embryos
14:39

Plastic Embedding and Sectioning of Xenopus laevis Embryos

Published on: April 29, 2007

14.1K
Extraction of Organochlorine Pesticides from Plastic Pellets and Plastic Type Analysis
10:12

Extraction of Organochlorine Pesticides from Plastic Pellets and Plastic Type Analysis

Published on: July 1, 2017

12.1K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research
05:03

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research

Published on: December 15, 2023

4.9K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Variation is essential for natural selection and adaptive evolution.
  • While random mutation was historically considered the sole source of variation, phenotypic plasticity is now recognized as a significant contributor.
  • Current understanding often views plasticity as a genotypic property, overlooking its developmental system context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how phenotypic plasticity can generate nonrandom variation.
  • To reframe plasticity as a property of developmental systems, not just genotypes.
  • To discuss the implications of biased variation for evolutionary trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on phenotypic plasticity and evolutionary biology.
  • Conceptual analysis of developmental systems and their role in generating variation.
  • Integration of concepts like the flexible stem hypothesis and cryptic genetic variation.

Main Results:

  • Phenotypic plasticity can lead to nonrandom, biased variation through direct responses to stimuli or programmed developmental pathways.
  • This developmental bias can reflect past adaptations and initiate new evolutionary changes in response to environmental shifts.
  • Modularity and the structure of developmental signaling pathways constrain and direct the outcomes of plasticity.

Conclusions:

  • Phenotypic plasticity, viewed as a property of developmental systems, offers a mechanism for generating nonrandom variation.
  • This biased variation can serve as a crucial source of evolutionary innovation, echoing past adaptations and initiating future ones.
  • Future research should focus on understanding how plasticity initiates and harbors developmental bias for evolutionary insights.