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Antioxidants and Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Aspects.
Khojasteh Malekmohammad1, Robert D E Sewell2, Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei3
1Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord 8818634141, Iran.
Biomolecules
|July 28, 2019
Summary
Antioxidants, including herbal medicines, offer a safer alternative for treating atherosclerosis by inhibiting key disease processes. They reduce low-density lipoprotein oxidation and inflammation, crucial for managing coronary heart disease and stroke.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Pharmacology
- Natural Product Chemistry
Background:
- Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease causing heart disease and stroke.
- Synthetic drugs for atherosclerosis have side effects and high costs.
- Herbal medicines and antioxidants are explored as alternatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms of antioxidant activity in atherosclerosis.
- To highlight prevalent medicinal plants used for atherosclerosis treatment.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review using scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar).
- Analysis of natural and synthetic antioxidant roles in atherosclerosis.
Main Results:
- Antioxidants inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.
- They reduce inflammation, plaque formation, and platelet aggregation.
- Antioxidants improve endothelial function, nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, and suppress foam cell formation.
Conclusions:
- Natural and synthetic antioxidants play a vital role in preventing and treating atherosclerosis.
- Multiple mechanisms contribute to their therapeutic effects.
- Herbal medicines represent a promising avenue for atherosclerosis management.
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