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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
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Normal and Shear Force01:14

Normal and Shear Force

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When a beam is subjected to different loads, such as weight, pressure, or other external forces, internal forces are generated within the beam. These forces can have a significant impact on the overall stability and strength of the structure. Engineers use various methods to analyze and determine the magnitude and direction of these internal forces. One common technique used to determine internal forces in beams is the method of sections. This method involves considering an imaginary point or...
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Correlations02:20

Correlations

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Correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables (such as ice cream consumption and crime), but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect. When two variables are correlated, it simply means that as one variable changes, so does the other. We can measure correlation by calculating a statistic known as a correlation coefficient. A correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between...
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Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

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Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces03:00

Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces

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Intermolecular forces (IMF) are electrostatic attractions arising from charge-charge interactions between molecules. The strength of the intermolecular force is influenced by the distance of separation between molecules. The forces significantly affect the interactions in solids and liquids, where the molecules are close together. In gases, IMFs become important only under high-pressure conditions (due to the proximity of gas molecules). Intermolecular forces dictate the physical properties of...
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Atomic Orbitals02:44

Atomic Orbitals

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An atomic orbital represents the three-dimensional regions in an atom where an electron has the highest probability to reside. The radial distribution function indicates the total probability of finding an electron within the thin shell at a distance r from the nucleus. The atomic orbitals have distinct shapes which are determined by l, the angular momentum quantum number. The orbitals are often drawn with a boundary surface, enclosing densest regions of the cloud.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Extracting the Young's Modulus of Native Murine Pulmonary Basement Membranes from Atomic Force Microscopy Derived Force Maps
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Extracting the Young's Modulus of Native Murine Pulmonary Basement Membranes from Atomic Force Microscopy Derived Force Maps

Published on: January 31, 2025

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Shear Modulus Measurement by Quantitative Phase Imaging and Correlation with Atomic Force Microscopy.

Will J Eldridge1, Silvia Ceballos1, Tejank Shah1

  • 1Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina.

Biophysical Journal
|July 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) now offers a label-free method to measure cell mechanical properties, directly yielding shear modulus. This technique provides results comparable to atomic force microscopy (AFM), advancing cellular biophysics.

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Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging and Force Spectroscopy of Supported Lipid Bilayers
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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cellular Mechanics
  • Quantitative Phase Imaging

Background:

  • Traditional methods like atomic force microscopy (AFM) for cell elasticity are complex and instrument-dependent.
  • Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) measures cellular stiffness but yields metrics not directly comparable to AFM's Young's modulus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for analyzing QPI data to directly extract the shear modulus of cells.
  • To enable label-free, optically quantitative measurements of cellular mechanical properties.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new QPI data analysis approach to retrieve shear modulus.
  • Measured shear modulus and phase disorder strength using QPI.
  • Measured Young's modulus using AFM for comparison.
  • Utilized two breast cancer cell lines treated with varying concentrations of cytochalasin D.

Main Results:

  • The new QPI analysis method successfully retrieved shear modulus.
  • QPI-derived shear modulus showed good agreement with AFM-derived Young's modulus.
  • Results aligned with theoretical predictions.
  • Phase disorder strength was also quantified using QPI.

Conclusions:

  • The developed QPI analysis provides a powerful, label-free tool for measuring cell mechanical properties.
  • This method allows for direct comparison with other rheological techniques like AFM.
  • QPI is a valuable technique for quantitative biophysical measurements of cells.