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Related Experiment Video

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Quantification of the Potential Impact of Glyphosate-Based Products on Microbiomes
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Contamination Is Not Linked to the Gestational Microbiome.

Michelle D Rodriguez1, Kevin K Yu2, Zubin S Paul2

  • 1Microbiology and Cell Science Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|July 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates that careful necropsy protocols prevent bacterial contamination in fetal sheep tissues. Differentiating between contamination and true 16S rRNA genes is crucial for the in utero colonization hypothesis.

Keywords:
community-level analysiscontaminationenvironmentgestationmicrobiome

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The in utero colonization hypothesis suggests maternal bacteria can colonize the fetus.
  • Distinguishing true fetal microbiome from contamination is critical for validating this hypothesis.
  • Physiological changes during gestation may be influenced by maternal bacterial colonization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate between bacterial contamination and genuine 16S rRNA genes in ovine gestational tissues.
  • To assess the presence and abundance of bacteria in fetal tissues versus the necropsy environment.
  • To validate the use of stringent protocols in preventing sample contamination.

Main Methods:

  • Culture-independent and culture-dependent methods were used to quantify bacteria.
  • Swabs of necropsy room surfaces (benches, tables, air ducts) were collected concurrently with clinical sampling.
  • 16S rRNA gene abundance was analyzed in fetal tissues (liver, spleen, brain cortex) and maternal samples (saliva, vaginal).

Main Results:

  • No bacteria were detected in fetal sheep tissues using culture-independent techniques.
  • Bacterial DNA was present in the necropsy room environment for 11 of 14 ewes.
  • Only 5% of environmental bacterial genera were found in maternal samples, with limited relative abundance and copy number.
  • Contamination in maternal samples was controlled to less than 2%.

Conclusions:

  • Stringent necropsy protocols effectively prevent bacterial contamination of ovine fetal tissues.
  • The study highlights the importance of differentiating environmental contaminants from true microbial presence in gestational samples.
  • Further research is needed to understand maternal-fetal microbial transfer, emphasizing contamination control.