Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Optogenetic Entrainment of Hippocampal Theta Oscillations in Behaving Mice
Published on: June 29, 2018
Hippocampal theta rhythm induced by vagal nerve stimulation: The effect of modulation of electrical coupling
Adam Broncel1, Renata Bocian2, Paulina Kłos-Wojtczak1
1Medical Technology Center, Research Department, Natolin 15, 92-701, Lodz, Poland.
Abstract:
Previously we have demonstrated that vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is capable of inducing hippocampal formation (HPC) theta rhythm (Broncel et al., 2017). The neuronal substrate underlying this novel phenomenon is poorly known, though the cholinergic and GABAergic profile of VNS-induced theta rhythm in anesthetized rats has just recently been addressed (Broncel et al., 2018a, 2019). In this study we extended our earlier observation concerning the pharmacological profile of VNS-induced theta oscillations. Specifically, the purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that VNS-induced hippocampal theta rhythm could be modulated by local HPC gap junctions (GJs) transmission. Two GJs agents were used: carbenoxolone, nonspecific GJs blocker and trimethylamine, a nonspecific opener of GJs. Two basic parameters of theta rhythm were evaluated: frequency and power. It was demonstrated that carbenoxolone inhibits VNS-induced theta while trimethylamine facilities it. These observations indicate that HPC electrical coupling mediates the theta rhythm induced by vagal nerve stimulation.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Induced Electric Dipoles
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
Induced Electric Fields
Induced Electric Fields: Applications
Pulse rhythm
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
ECG Interpretation of Rhythms
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage....

