Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology
Published on: May 11, 2013
Supported liquid membrane extraction of nickel using stable composite SPEEK/PVDF support impregnated with a
Raja Norimie Raja Sulaiman1, Norela Jusoh2, Norasikin Othman1
1School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Centre of Lipids Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Abstract:
A sustainable and stable supported liquid membrane (SLM) extraction of nickel was developed via impregnation of sustainable liquid membrane in the composite membrane support consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK). Bis-2-ethylhexyl phosphate (D2EHPA), 1-octanol, refined palm oil and sulfuric acid were employed as extractant, synergist extractant, diluent and strippant, respectively. Variables studied including effect of refined palm oil compositions as well as the configurations and thicknesses of SPEEK. Lifespan of SLM was evaluated by recycling the composite membrane support. Results revealed that upon using 100% refined palm oil, about 100% of nickel was extracted and recovered in 10 and 14 h, respectively. Composite SPEEK/PVDF stabilized SLM by reducing liquid membrane loss from 47 to 23% upon applying SPEEK at the feed side of PVDF support. High permeability and flux values were obtained at 9.26 x 10-4 cms-1 and 6.48 x 10-7 molcm-2s-1 when increasing SPEEK thickness from 0.025 to 0.055 mm, respectively. The lifespan of SLM was extended up to ninth cycles with low weight loss percentage of the impregnated composite membrane (8%). In conclusion, the SPEEK/PVDF impregnated with refined palm oil has improved the stability of SLM extraction of nickel ions from industrial wastewater.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Self-Help Support Groups
Accessibility and Cost-Effectiveness
One of the primary strengths of self-help...
Support Reactions
The purpose of the supports is to prevent the translational motion of the system by applying an equal and opposite force and to prevent the system's rotation by applying...
Support Reactions in Three Dimensions
Ball and Socket Joint is one of the supports allowing free rotation about any axis. This freedom of rotation is...
Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
The Resting Membrane Potential
Introduction to Membrane Proteins

