Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Nasolacrimal Lavage as a Treatment for Ocular Surface Toxic Soup Syndrome
Published on: April 25, 2025
Reduction of Ocular Surface Damage and Bacterial Survival Using 0.05% Povidone-Iodine Ocular Surface Irrigation
Fang Fan1, Zhihua Zhao1, Xiaobin Zhao1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.
Background:
To investigate the effects of 0.05% povidone-iodine (PI) irrigation on the ocular surface structure and bacterial survival rate in patients with cataract.
Methods:
Ninety eyes of 90 patients with cataract were included. Before surgery, the operative field was irrigated with 0.05% PI and divided into 30-s, 1-, and 2-min groups. Anterior chamber fluid was cultured bacteriologically. Tear film breakup time (BUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), lacrimal river height (LRH), and Schirmer test I (STI) were conducted to assess ocular surface.
Results:
In all groups, the patients had significantly shorter postoperative BUT at 1 day, 3 days, and 1 week postoperatively than preoperatively. In addition, there was still lower BUT at 1 month postoperatively in the 1- and 2-min groups. STI and LRH were all decreased postoperatively at different time points (1 day, 3 days, 1 week), while CFS was increased. With the extension of time preoperatively (1 and 3 months), the ocular surface indicators returned to the preoperative level. The bacterial cultures after eye irrigating were negative in all groups.
Conclusion:
0.05% PI irrigating the conjunctival sac for 30 s can achieve a low bacterial contamination rate. Importantly, it reduced the damage of ocular surface, which is beneficial to the recovery of ocular surface function.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Surface Tension and Surface Energy
Consider a beaker filled with liquid. The bulk molecules in the liquid experience equal attractive forces on all sides with the surrounding molecules. However, the surface molecules experience a net attractive force downward due to the bulk molecules. The surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane,...
Wood Surfacing
The equipment used in the surfacing process is a plane equipped with rotating blades. This tool efficiently smoothens the wood surface and can...
Cell-surface Signaling
Surface Appendages of Archaea
Surface Membrane Barriers
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
Response Surface Methodology
The process of RSM involves several key steps:

