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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
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Related Experiment Video

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Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders.

Amy J Lilly1, Yuri Fedoriw1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, CB #7525, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7525, USA.

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PubMed
Summary

People with HIV have a higher risk of B-cell lymphomas. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved outcomes for HIV-associated lymphomas, making them similar to those in HIV-negative individuals.

Keywords:
B-cell lymphomaEpstein-Barr virusHIVHIV-associated Lymphoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • HIV infection elevates the risk of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.
  • The disease spectrum of lymphomas in HIV-positive individuals differs, with a higher proportion of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed lymphoma incidence and outcomes in HIV-infected populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnostic features of HIV-associated lymphomas.
  • To summarize the current understanding of the biology of HIV-associated lymphomas.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of diagnostic criteria for HIV-associated lymphomas.
  • Synthesis of current research on the pathogenesis and biology of these cancers.

Main Results:

  • HIV-associated lymphomas present a distinct disease spectrum compared to HIV-uninfected individuals.
  • Despite increased cancer incidence due to aging populations, ART has led to comparable outcomes for HIV-infected lymphoma patients and HIV-negative patients.
  • Understanding the unique biological drivers of HIV-associated lymphomas is crucial for effective management.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-associated lymphomas require specific diagnostic considerations.
  • ART has significantly improved prognosis, aligning outcomes with those of HIV-negative patients.
  • Continued research into the biology of HIV-associated lymphomas is essential for advancing treatment strategies.