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Related Experiment Video

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Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Rat Common Carotid Artery
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ECG Gating Is More Precise Than Peripheral Pulse Gating When Quantifying Spinal CSF Pulsations Using Phase Contrast

Robert J Bert1, Neesha Settipalle2, Dheeraj Muddasani1

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of Louisville, 530 South Jackson Street, Louisville, KY 40202.

Academic Radiology
|July 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Retrospective electrocardiogram (recg) gating is more accurate for measuring spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow than peripheral pulse gating (rppg). recg-gated Phase Contrast Cine MRI (PCCMRI) offers superior quantitative and temporal precision for CSF flow analysis.

Keywords:
CSF PulsationsFlow MeasurementMRIRetroECG triggeringRetropulse triggering

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biophysics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pulsatile flow is crucial for understanding spinal cord dynamics and diagnosing neurological conditions.
  • Phase Contrast Cine MRI (PCCMRI) is a key technique for quantifying CSF flow, but its accuracy can be influenced by the gating method used.
  • Retrospective electrocardiogram (recg) gating and retrospective peripheral pulse gating (rppg) are common methods for synchronizing MRI data acquisition with cardiac or vascular cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy of spinal CSF pulsatile flow measurements using PCCMRI with recg gating versus rppg gating.
  • To evaluate the quantitative and temporal precision of both gating methods across different spinal levels (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar).

Main Methods:

  • Ten healthy volunteers underwent 3T 2D PCCMRI with either recg or rppg gating.
  • Transverse scans were acquired at multiple spinal levels (C1/C4, T1/T7, L1-L3) to measure CSF, arterial, and venous flow, velocity, and cross-sectional areas.
  • Data analysis was performed using custom Matlab-based software.

Main Results:

  • recg-gated PCCMRI demonstrated significantly less quantitative and temporal variation in CSF flow measurements compared to rppg-gated PCCMRI.
  • CSF flow consistently decreased in the craniocaudal direction with recg gating, whereas rppg gating yielded less consistent results.
  • recg-gated PCCMRI showed lower root mean square error values across all measured spinal levels compared to rppg-gated PCCMRI.
  • While rppg-gated PCCMRI showed increased variability in CSF flow correlations with vascular structures, good correlations were observed between rppg and recg datasets when averaged over cohorts of at least five subjects.

Conclusions:

  • recg-gated PCCMRI is superior to rppg-gated PCCMRI for quantitative and temporal analysis of spinal CSF flow.
  • While rppg gating can provide reasonable CSF flow estimates when data is averaged across multiple subjects, findings derived from smaller cohorts or subtle variations should be interpreted with caution.