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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

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Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
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Innovations in Endonasal Sinus Surgery in Children
Sophie G Shay1, Taher Valika2, Robert Chun1
1Medical College of Wisconsin, 9000 West Wisconsin Avenue, ENT Offices Suite 540, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|July 30, 2019
Summary
Pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis management needs updates despite surgical advances. This review covers endoscopic sinus surgery, balloon sinuplasty, complex cases, and skull base tumor/choanal atresia repair in children.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) management has lagged behind surgical innovations.
- Advances in pediatric skull base surgery and tumor removal are notable.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) techniques and risks in children.
- To discuss balloon sinuplasty, complicated CRS, and skull base tumor/choanal atresia repair in pediatric patients.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent advancements in pediatric endonasal surgery.
- Synthesis of information on surgical techniques, perioperative care, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- ESS tools and procedures have advanced, but CRS care requires updates.
- Balloon sinuplasty shows promise for pediatric sinonasal issues.
- New insights into skull base tumor surgery and choanal atresia repair exist.
Conclusions:
- Further research is needed to update pediatric CRS management protocols.
- Endoscopic techniques offer evolving solutions for pediatric sinonasal and skull base conditions.
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