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Cooking has the potential to decrease the antitumor effect of fresh Betong watercress
Chunhajan Aksornthong1, Sathaporn Prutipanlai1, Pritsana Ruangrut2
1Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmacology, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Journal of Food Biochemistry
|July 30, 2019
Summary
Fresh watercress, rich in phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), inhibits caffeine metabolism in rats. Cooking reduces this effect, suggesting fresh watercress offers greater chemoprotective benefits.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Nutritional Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Betong watercress (Nasturtium officinale R.Br.) contains phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a compound derived from glucosinolates.
- PEITC is known for its potential chemoprotective effects, particularly its inhibitory activity on cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of fresh and cooked Betong watercress (FBW & CBW) and PEITC on caffeine metabolism in rats.
- To compare the impact of single versus multiple doses of these substances on caffeine metabolic ratios (CMRs).
Main Methods:
- Wistar rats were administered a single dose of caffeine before and after pretreatment with PEITC, FBW, or CBW dry powders.
- Plasma caffeine metabolic ratios (CMRs) were analyzed to assess the impact on N-demethylation and C-8-hydroxylation.
- Comparisons were made between single and five-day pretreatment regimens.
Main Results:
- Single pretreatment with PEITC and FBW, but not CBW, significantly decreased CMRs.
- Five-day pretreatment with PEITC, FBW, and CBW significantly decreased CMRs, with multiple doses showing a greater effect than single doses.
- The inhibitory effect of CBW on caffeine metabolism was significantly lower than that of FBW, indicating cooking reduces PEITC's activity.
Conclusions:
- PEITC and fresh watercress exhibit chemoprotective properties by inhibiting CYP1A2-mediated caffeine metabolism.
- Cooking inactivates the myrosinase enzyme in watercress, reducing the bioavailability and efficacy of PEITC.
- Optimal preparation methods for watercress consumption are needed to maximize its potential health benefits.
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